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Makiya was Baghdad and Baghdad was Makiya.' These words sum up the life of one of the Middle East's most famous architects. Mohamed Makiya's career spanned seven decades and included projects in more than ten countries. He was a master of incorporating traditional and classical styles into modern architecture. For Makiya, the continuity of tradition as a 'living dimension' was the justification for his work. 0Makiya was revered as a teacher of architecture in Iraq, where he set up the first Department of Architecture at Baghdad University in 1959. Makiya was also a promoter of Iraqi art, which he displayed at his Kufa Gallery in London that was set up to build a bridge between the East and the West. 0This compelling biography reveals the life of a visionary who achieved remarkable feats in Iraq and whose philosophy and humanity crossed all borders and cultures.

There is a gap in documentation, research and study with respect to contemporary and post-modernism architecture in Qatar, especially for mosques. Little attention has been given to such designs, there are not as appreciated as traditional historic mosques. Lack of appreciation of such mosques resulted in some being demolished or refurbished to lose the original design, at times with little documentation as well. This is a lost part of the local architecture history that we can no longer recover. It is imperative that we give contemporary design the acknowledgment that it is a part of our current local identity that needs to be documented and preserved. This thesis is a study is to characterize the variation in the mosque architecture in Qatar, to document and to analyze the architecture trends, as the architecture is changing rapidly in Qatar. This research is an historical interpretative and comparative research approach: past vs. present, modern vs. traditional. Data was gathered and organized from various forms of archival records, literature fieldwork. Field visits of the mosques were conducted with detailed study and documentation of the architectural features. Highlights of the contemporary mosques studied in detail are the designs of Mohammed Makiya, and Abdulhalim Ibrahim as well as the Awqaf Prototype mosque. In addition, other mosques were discussed briefly such as the Mosque of Mohammed bin Abdulwahab, and and Sheikh Abdullrahaman Bin Mohamed Al-Thani Mosque as well as others. There have been various key factors in the evolving architecture trends in Qatar: political, economical and social. These factors combined have resulted in a shift from traditional simple primitive design pre-1950s, to modernistic extravagant designs in the early 1970s, and to a modern traditional simple design today. The shift in these trends is related to the influences at the time and the national vision predominately. Today, with a national initiative to tie the local identity to architecture, traditional design has been given importance. In efforts to revive traditional architecture, contemporary design fell behind. The local identity however, is not limited to being traditional, as we are in a modern age. The local identity is a modern Muslim state and population, therefore, there should be a balance between traditional and modern design. This is what the prototype mosque project aimed and succeeded to do.